Effect of CaCl2 and MgCl2 Solution Mulching on Sand Harvesting in Wind Erosion

Abstract

Wind erosion is a significant issue that causes severe damage to natural areas in arid and desert regions. Natural and biological mulches play a crucial role in stabilizing dunes and lands affected by wind erosion. One such option is a natural mulch derived from a solution extracted from the Khour Playa containing CaCl₂ and MgCl₂. In this study, trays filled with sand samples from Mesr village were used to assess the potential for sand harvest and transport by wind flow in a tunnel. Mulching was applied using solutions at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, and 100%. Sand harvesting was measured at various wind speeds (0- 25 m/s) over different time intervals. The results of the analysis of variance, based on a completely randomized design (CRD), and mean comparisons indicated that this solution effectively prevents sand movement. Therefore, this mulch is highly suitable due to its minimal negative effects and lower cost compared to alternative oil mulches. Applying a rate of 2.5 liters per square meter of the stabilizing CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ solution in a natural environment on active sand fields can help stabilize the sands, create a suitable protective layer thickness, and withstand erosion from particle impact for at least one year.