Sonocatalysis green synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indolone derivatives using CuFe2O4@CS-SB nanocomposite as a reusable catalyst under mild conditions

Abstract

In this literature, the synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indolone from starting materials of ninhydrin, derivatives of aniline, and dimedone by using copper ferrite anchored to chitosan bearing Schiff base (CuFe2O4@CS-SB) as a catalyst in water solvent under ultrasound irradiation was described. This catalyst was designed, fabricated, and characterized by the FT-IR, 1H NMR, XRD, SEM, TGA, mapping scan, EDX, and BET techniques. This prepared acidic, effective heterogeneous catalyst catalyzed green synthesis of indeno-indolone derivatives in a very short reaction times between 1 and 7 min with excellent yields between 95% and 99%. Also, the FT-IR, 1H NMR, and melting point analyses are used to identify the synthesis of the indolones as organic products.