Harnessing the Power of Berberis integerrima L.: AntiMelanoma Effects and Cancer Prevention Strategies

Abstract

Barberry (Berberis integerrima L.) is known with its ability to prevent cancer and potential anti-melanoma properties. For the fact, berberine, which is an isoquinoline alkaloid, functions as the primary bioactive compound in this plant. Inhibiting melanoma cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and suppressing metastasis are among several pathways by which berberine achieves these results, including activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by berberine as well as other inflammatory mediators also contribute to its anti-cancer effects. The antioxidant activity of B. integerrima is also important because it prevents oxidative stress that causes cancer. Also, this helps to reduce DNA damage and cellular mutations that can lead to melanoma. Since melanomas’ prevalence is increasing along with mortality rates associated with it there should be new options for prevention or treatment based on natural compounds such as berberine from B. integerrima