Investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of omega-3 on type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by increased blood glucose. The reason for this increase is the resistance of cells to absorb insulin, which happens due to genetics, improper diet and inactivity. Observations have shown that along with exercise and proper diet, omega-3 fatty acids are also effective in preventing type 2 diabetes. Omega-3 fatty acids are a family of unsaturated fatty acids, the two most important of which are EicosaPentaenoic Acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which have a significant effect against most metabolic diseases such as fatty liver. Obesity causes oxidative stress and inflammation. Omega-3 is very important in healing the wounds of diabetic patients who have problems. These fatty acids are found in sources such as fish, eggs and olive oils. This study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the world's research literature on omega-3 and its effect on many diseases, including diabetes, and was searched in international scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. The summaries of the articles were reviewed and duplicate and unrelated items were removed from the study in several stages and finally the articles were selected for comprehensive review and data extraction. The general result of this study was that omega-3 plays an important role in the cell membrane,especially phospholipids and membrane proteins and their permeability. Omega-3 increases the secretion of insulin from pancreatic beta cells and increases the sensitivity of cells to insulin and reduces blood triglycerides. In a study on the healing of diabetic wounds in mice with diabetes mellitus, consumption of omega-3 rich fish oil was effective in accelerating their healing. In another study, the administration of omega-3 along with metformin to diabetic rats caused cardiac protection in them. In a study, consumption of EPA and DHA was effective in preventing type 2 diabetes. Therefore, taking the right dose of food that contains omega-3 as well as the supplements that have been produced can significantly reduce the damage of various types of wounds.