Extraction from Nepeta pogonosperma using supercritical carbon dioxide

Abstract

Nepeta pogonosperma, member of the Labiatae family, is a plant uniquely found in Iran. This remarkable species is rich in secondary metabolites like flavonoids, phenols, and diterpenes, which contribute to its diverse benefits. These natural compounds are celebrated for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuroprotective properties. Because of their ability to impact various biological pathways, they've found a valuable place in traditional and modern medicine, showcasing the incredible potential of plants in promoting health. Carbon dioxide in the supercritical region has many applications in the separation of biological compounds. Among these characteristics are high diffusion coefficient, belonging to the category of green solvents, and the structure of compounds remaining unchanged in this process [1, 2]. Its low polarity has also made it a suitable tool for separating and extracting non-polar organic compounds such as alkanes and low-polarity compounds such as aldehydes and esters. Based on our knowledge, the extraction of the essential oil of this plant in supercritical fluid has not been yet reported. The supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of this plant has been compared with traditional method from chemical composition of point of view. Furthermore, the optimization of variables process has been implemented by Taguchi experimental design method [3, 4]. The results indicated that at lower temperatures, specifically within the range of 35 to 45 degrees Celsius and pressures between 180 to 250 bars, the best yields have been obtained.