Supercritical fluid extraction of omega-۳ from Dracocephalum kotschyi seed oil: Process optimization and oil properties

چکیده مقاله

This paper describes the extraction of linolenic acid (ω-3) from Dracocephalum kotschyi seed using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) for the first time. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the effects of pressure (100–220 bar), temperature (35–55 °C), particle size (0.15-1.35 mm) and dynamic time (10–130 min) on the yield of linolenic acid (ω-3) in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2). The RSM analysis showed that the experimental data was adequately fitted to a full quadratic polynomial model. The results were evaluated using the different statistical analyses such as determination coefficient (R2=0.9795), adjusted determination coefficient (R2adj.= 0.9703), predicted determination coefficient (R2pred.= 0.9466) and absolute average relative deviation (AARD=2.81) to investigate statistical significance of the developed polynomial equation. For all experiments, fatty acid composition and also properties of oil such as total phenol, antioxidant activity, thermo-gravimetric (TG) analysis as well as oil stability were determined. Furthermore, qualitative analysis of organic compounds was carried out by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. According to the obtained results, high quality oil extracted via SC-CO2 technique may find potential applications in medical, pharmaceutical and food industries.