Optimizing Grouting Techniques for Controlling Water Seepage, Using Rain Optimization Technique

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to use the rain optimization technique to improve the grouting process. Grouting is one of the most crucial techniques used to keep water out of tunnels. In this study, a new method was proposed to model the fracture and the surrounding rock when the fluid moves radially, providing a more accurate representation of the physical processes involved. In this paper the surrounding rock and a crack were initially simulated, and the constructed model was then solved using the rain optimization technique. To achieve this, the surrounding rock was separated into 30 blocks, and the fracture itself was divided into ten blocks. Nine different fluids were then injected into the crack, all of which had a time-dependent viscosity. In other words, their viscosity grew over time. One of these fluids was injected into the crack in the first stage at 5 different pressures and flow rates, and the minimum pressure that could be used to inject this fluid was determined to be 900 psi. Only fluids 4 and 5 were able to seal the fracture after the remaining 8 fluids were injected into the crack at a pressure of 900 psi. The majority of the fluids were unable to restrict the entry of water. Then, efforts were made to lower the injection pressure of fluids 4 and 5 as much as possible. The results showed that when fluid No. 4 is injected into the fracture at a pressure of 30 psi, it can seal the fracture, and when fluid No. 5 is injected into the gap at a pressure of 60 psi, it can regulate the inflow of water. To manage water inrush in tunnels, fluid No. 1 is recommended for high-pressure injection, while fluids Nos. 4 and 5 are recommended for low-pressure injection