Application of Gd2ZnMnO6/ZnO nanocomposite for electrochemical measurement of acetaminophen, diphenhydramine, and phenylephrine

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor with high sensitivity was designed and used to measure several drugs, including acetaminophen (AC), diphenhydramine (DPH), and phenylephrine (PHE). This sensor was created using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) that has been modified with a Gd2ZnMnO6/ZnO nanocomposite. In order to analyze the developed sensor, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were used. The electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and apparent resistance spectroscopy methods. Also, the compound’s diffusion coefficient (D) was calculated. By using the differential pulse voltammetry, AC, DPH, and PA were determined with detection limits of 2.5 ×10 8 , 3.3 ×10 8 , and 1.4 ×10 8 M in the linear concentration ranges of 0.09–900 μM. Finally, the designed sensor was utilized to measure the drug in real samples, and acceptable results were obtained.