Improving the surface energy of titanium implants by the creation of hierarchical textures on the surface via three-dimensional elliptical vibration turning

Abstract

An increase in bone-implant contact and an increase in surface hydrophilicity are the two important factors involved inimproving osseointegration. Therefore, three-dimensional elliptical vibration turning method is applied to increase thehydrophilicity of titanium surface by the generation of hierarchical nano- and micro-textures. That being the case, faceturning process at different cutting conditions is carried out in this research. Surface roughness and the contact angle ofwater drops with machined surfaces were selected to be measured for the analysis of surface hydrophilicity. The resultsshow that an additional surface area can be achieved by the generation of micro- or nano-textures, resulting in a lowercontact angle. Furthermore, intermittent movement of cutting tool in vibration cutting causes the process to be morestable, achieving the desired range of surface roughness.