The Effect of Nutrition on Breast Cancer Caused by Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes

Abstract

Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and Iran. One of the most important factors in the development of breast cancer is mutation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are DNA repair and tumor suppressor genes that prevent cells from becoming cancerous. This study aims to investigate the effect of nutrition on this type of breast cancer. Methodology: Articles related to the present topic were reviewed from databases such as Google Scholar, Pupmed, and Sid.ir from 2016 to 2024. Results: It was found that vitamin D levels and the presence of compounds such as 3,3-diindolylmethane, phenols, and folic acid have a positive effect on reducing the rate of mutations in these genes, and ultimately, breast cancer. On the other hand, it was proven that the presence of arsenic in the diet or the reuse of vegetable oil in cooking has an undesirable effect and increases the chances of people developing breast cancer. Conclusion: Diet plays a significant role in the development of breast cancer caused by mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes, and choosing the proper diet can be effective in preventing and reducing the risk of breast cancer.