| نویسندگان | Nayer Azam Notashpour Farivar, Maryam Peyvandi, Hossein Abbaspour, Sedigheh Arbabian, Fariba Sharifnia, Mahdi Abbas Mohammadi |
|---|---|
| نشریه | Iranian Journal or Biotechnology |
| نوع مقاله | Full Paper |
| تاریخ انتشار | 2026 |
| رتبه نشریه | ISI (WOS) |
| نوع نشریه | چاپی |
| کشور محل چاپ | ایران |
چکیده مقاله
Background: Ferula persica is a medicinal plant with notable pharmacological potential. Its unique phytochemical composition and possible multi target activity in oncology and cardiovascular disorders warrant detailed characterization.
Objectives: To characterize the phytochemical composition of Ferula persica and to evaluate its cytotoxic, antioxidant, and molecular targeting activities.
Materials and Methods: An integrated experimental design was developed encompassing extraction, phytochemical characterization, and parallel biological evaluation. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC MS) were applied for phytochemical profiling. In vitro cytotoxicity assays against A549 lung cancer cells included IC₅₀ determination. Gene expression profiling targeted oncogenic, inflammatory, and vascular function markers. Apoptosis analysis was performed using DAPI staining, antioxidant activity was measured via radical scavenging assays, and molecular docking assessed binding affinities to COX 2, AP 1, and Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase compared with valsartan.
Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed essential oil (EO) to be rich in sabinene, β selinene, 10 epi gamma eudesmol, endo fenchyl acetate, elemol, and valerianol, while polyphenolic compounds extract (PE) contained high levels of rutin, rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and chicoric acid. Both PE and EO fractions significantly reduced A549 cell viability, with EO showing greater potency (lower IC₅₀). Gene expression profiling indicated downregulation of oncogenic and inflammatory markers (PTGS2, FOS) and modulation of vascular function genes (ATP1A1, MYADM). EO also showed stronger free radical scavenging capacity than PE, and docking analyses confirmed multi target binding potential of dominant constituents, with higher affinities compared to the reference drug.
Conclusions: The integrated findings demonstrate the exceptional phytochemical diversity and synergistic bioactivity of F. persica. Its constituents hold promise as multi target natural therapeutics for cancer and cardiovascular disorders, meriting further in vivo validation and mechanistic exploration toward clinical translation.