In vitro regeneration of shoots and ex vitro rooting of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.)

چکیده مقاله

Introduction: One of the most important Rosa species is R. damascena Mill. of which some cultivars are used for oil production and others are cultivated throughout the world as garden roses (1). The experiment was performed to investigate the regeneration ability of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) in vitro with an efficient and cost-effective method for rapid and high-quality shoot multiplication. Methods: Single-node explants included with lateral buds were taken from bushes and after sterilization, they cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 5 mg/l), NAA (0 and 0.1 mg/l), GA3 (0 and 0.1 mg/l) phytohormones and coconut water in 0 and 40 ml in separated and combination with together separately and in combination with simultaneous application of them. Results: The results showed that the best multiplication rate, highest number of shoots per explants, best shoot and leaf growth was achieved in T9 medium containing the MS supplemented with 2.5 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/1 GA3. To evaluate ex vitro rooting, micro-shoots were treated with 3 mg/l IBA or 3 mg/l NAA solutions. The highest percentage of rooting (100%) was obtained in both rooting media. The highest number of roots per explant and the highest root length were observed in explants treated with IBA and NAA, respectively. Discussion: The results showed that GA3 has a significant effect on percentage of regeneration in comparison with media without GA3 for R. damascena. The use of ex vitro rooting showed the best result and this method resulted in significant improvements to root induction. Overall results showed that the combination of in vitro regeneration and ex vitro rooting of explants could be used as an efficient micropropagation of elite cultivars of R. damascene. References: (1) Guenther. E, 1952; Oil of rose. In: The essential oils. Kreiger, Florida, USA, Vol. 5, pp 3-48.